A complaint has been raised. A team is reporting exhaustion. Workloads have increased, and small tensions are becoming harder to ignore.

These situations are common. What matters is how they are managed.

Since October 6, 2025, Quebec employers must include work-related psychosocial risks in their prevention approach. These risks can include excessive workload, chronic stress, conflict, incivility, harassment, discrimination, lack of recognition, and other work organization issues that may affect psychological health and safety.

The expectation is not unnecessary complexity. It is a structured, documented, and practical prevention process.

Important / Important : This article provides general information and is not legal advice. Employers should consult current CNESST requirements when needed.
Cet article fournit de l’information générale et ne constitue pas un avis juridique. Les employeurs devraient consulter les exigences à jour de la CNESST au besoin.

English

What employers need to know

Psychosocial risks are workplace conditions that can affect mental health, physical health, engagement, and working relationships. A single difficult day is not usually the issue. The concern is a recurring or unmanaged condition.

Examples may include:

  • Excessive workload
  • Ongoing stress
  • Conflict or incivility
  • Psychological or sexual harassment
  • Discrimination or exclusion
  • Unclear roles
  • Poor communication during change
  • Lack of support or recognition
  • Exposure to threats, violence, or traumatic events

The CNESST guidance on work-related psychosocial risks confirms that these risks form part of occupational health and safety responsibilities.

What changed

Employers must take reasonable steps to:

  1. Identify psychosocial risks
  2. Assess their impact
  3. Document risks and measures
  4. Prevent, eliminate, or control the risks
  5. Review and update the approach
  6. Involve workers or their representatives

Prevention program or action plan

  • 20 or more workers: a formal prevention program is required, along with a health and safety committee and a health and safety representative.
  • Fewer than 20 workers: a written prevention action plan is required, along with a health and safety liaison officer.

In both cases, the approach should be specific to the workplace, practical, and reviewed as conditions change.

Harassment policy still required

All employers must maintain a written policy on the prevention of psychological and sexual harassment and on the handling of complaints or reports. The policy should explain reporting steps, confidentiality, responsibilities, and how concerns will be addressed. It must be integrated into the prevention program or action plan.

The CNESST model harassment prevention policy can serve as a starting point.

A practical approach

A useful process is to:

  1. Confirm whether your establishment has 20 or more workers or fewer than 20
  2. Review current policies and prevention documents
  3. Identify psychosocial risks with employee input
  4. Put concrete measures in place
  5. Document actions and review regularly

Worker participation matters. Employees often see workload, conflict, communication gaps, or unsafe practices before leadership does. Consultation should still be handled carefully, especially where harassment, discrimination, violence, or misconduct may require a separate and impartial process.

When outside support may help

Specialized HR support may be helpful when a complaint involves leadership, trust in the internal process is low, internal HR capacity is limited, or a workplace investigation may be required.

Revive RH|HR provides independent, confidential, bilingual HR support across Montreal and Quebec, including workplace investigations and practical guidance for sensitive employee relations matters. Learn more about workplace investigation services or contact Revive RH|HR for a confidential consultation.

Français

Ce que les employeurs doivent retenir

Depuis le 6 octobre 2025, les employeurs du Québec doivent intégrer les risques psychosociaux liés au travail à leur démarche de prévention. Ces risques peuvent comprendre la surcharge de travail, le stress chronique, les conflits, l’incivilité, le harcèlement, la discrimination, le manque de reconnaissance et certains problèmes liés à l’organisation du travail.

Il ne s’agit pas d’alourdir inutilement les processus. Il s’agit plutôt d’adopter une démarche de prévention structurée, documentée et concrète.

Ce qui a changé

Les employeurs doivent prendre des mesures raisonnables pour :

  1. Identifier les risques psychosociaux
  2. Évaluer leurs effets possibles
  3. Documenter les risques et les mesures prévues
  4. Prévenir, éliminer ou contrôler ces risques
  5. Réviser et mettre à jour leur démarche
  6. Faire participer les travailleurs ou leurs représentants

Programme de prévention ou plan d’action

  • 20 travailleurs ou plus : un programme de prévention, un comité de santé et de sécurité et un représentant en santé et sécurité sont requis.
  • Moins de 20 travailleurs : un plan d’action de prévention écrit et un agent de liaison en santé et sécurité sont requis.

Dans les deux cas, la démarche doit être adaptée au milieu de travail et revue lorsque la situation évolue.

La politique de harcèlement demeure obligatoire

Tous les employeurs doivent avoir une politique écrite sur la prévention du harcèlement psychologique et sexuel et sur le traitement des plaintes ou signalements. Cette politique doit notamment préciser les mécanismes de signalement, la confidentialité, les responsabilités et la manière dont les situations seront traitées. Elle doit être intégrée au programme de prévention ou au plan d’action.

Le modèle de politique de prévention du harcèlement de la CNESST peut servir de point de départ.

Une démarche simple et utile

Une approche pratique consiste à :

  1. Confirmer si l’établissement compte 20 travailleurs ou plus ou moins de 20
  2. Réviser les politiques et documents existants
  3. Identifier les risques psychosociaux avec la participation du personnel
  4. Mettre en place des mesures concrètes
  5. Documenter les actions et réviser régulièrement

La participation des travailleurs est importante. Ce sont souvent eux qui voient d’abord les surcharges, les tensions, les problèmes de communication ou certaines pratiques de gestion difficiles. Cela dit, une consultation ne remplace pas une enquête lorsque des allégations de harcèlement, de discrimination, de violence ou de conduite fautive doivent être examinées de manière impartiale.

Quand un soutien externe peut être utile

Un accompagnement RH spécialisé peut être utile lorsqu’une plainte vise un gestionnaire ou un dirigeant, lorsque la confiance envers le processus interne est faible, lorsque la capacité RH est limitée ou lorsqu’une enquête en milieu de travail peut être nécessaire.

Revive RH|HR offre un accompagnement RH indépendant, confidentiel et bilingue partout à Montréal et au Québec, notamment pour les enquêtes en milieu de travail et les dossiers sensibles en relations de travail. Pour en savoir plus, consultez les services d’enquête en milieu de travail ou communiquez avec Revive RH|HR en toute confidentialité.

How to Appoint an External HR Investigator in Montreal: 2026 Guide

Did you know that a poorly conducted internal investigation can increase the risk of costly lawsuits before the Administrative Labour Tribunal by 40%? In 2024, the high number of psychological harassment complaints in Quebec highlighted the importance of unwavering neutrality. If you are facing a toxic work environment, you are probably wondering how to appoint an external HR investigator without making procedural errors. It is normal to fear that a lack of internal impartiality could worsen tensions or harm your reputation.

Vincent, founder of Revive RH|HR and his team observe daily that the clarity of the initial mandate is the best safeguard against future disputes. This article provides you with the keys to protect your Montreal organization while scrupulously adhering to CNESST standards. You will discover how to structure the independent expert’s intervention, from selecting the professional to re-establishing a healthy atmosphere. This practical guide helps you transform a crisis situation into a lever for lasting stability for your employees.

Key Points

  • Identify critical situations, such as harassment allegations or major conflicts of interest, that require absolute neutrality.

  • Discover how to appoint an external HR investigator by selecting an expert who is a member of the Order of CHRPs to ensure the legal validity of your approach.

  • Ensure the impartiality of your investigation process to protect your organization against litigation risks and internal biases.

  • Learn to interpret the recommendations of the final report to make administrative decisions based on solid evidence.

  • Implement effective post-investigation strategies to re-establish a healthy work environment and restore trust within your teams.

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